The Opressivness Of Captialism Essays - Marxism, Karl Marx

The Opressivness Of Captialism Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels lived in an interesting time. The world around these two men had changed rapidly during the years prior to their birth and after their birth. People were forced to reconsider the structure of their societies and the way individuals were treated by society. Marx and Engels dealt directly with this problem. Their theories dealt directly with the new economic realities of a rapidly industrializing Europe. Their beliefs were grounded in a class struggle between the people who owned the means of production, the bourgeoisie, and those people who were exploited by the bourgeoisie, the proletariat. Their proposed plan was to ameliorate the problems associated with the new economic arrangement. A point has been made that a great number of changes had occurred in Europe before Marx and Engels wrote the Communist Manifesto. The Communist Manifesto was written to combat these new forces. A manifesto is a set of definitions that define how the world runs and who is involved. It classifies people into groups to allow them to identify their allies and enemies. It also states the goals of a political movement. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels collaborated to write this document for the Communist League, which met in London during the latter part of 1847 and early part of 1848. It was meant to define the historical circumstances that led to the development of the modern era and the eventual triumph of communism which the dialectic of history predestined to occur. The nature of human relations has never been peaceful. Since the beginning of time humans have struggled amongst one another trying to satisfy their desires. Engels claimed, ?all history has been a history of class struggles, of struggles between exploited and exploiting, between dominated and dominating classes at various stages of social development; that this struggle, however, has now reached a stage where the exploited and oppressed class can no longer emancipated itself form the class which exploits and oppresses it? (472). People at one time in history had the opportunity to overthrow their oppressors and make a better life for themselves. This was no longer true. The oppression became so harsh and omnipresent that people had no escape. This raises some interesting questions. What was the nature of the oppression? Why were people becoming more and more oppressed? What could be done about the oppression? These will all be answered later in the paper. A natural state exists in which the bourgeoisie and the proletariat are in competition with one another. The capitalists are in business to make money. Marx and Engels said, ?These labourers, who must sell themselves piece-meal, are a commodity, like every other article of commerce, and are consequently exposed to all the vicissitudes of competition, to all the fluctuations of the market? (479). The proletariat is only worthwhile as long as they are earning money for their employers. When they are a burden they are left to fend for their livelihood. Therefore, the workers as a commodity will attempt to a make as much money as they can, while the bourgeoisie will try to maximize profits. People are becoming more oppressed because of the work they perform compared to the work that they performed in an earlier time. Marx and Engel asserted, ?Owning to the extensive use of machinery and to division of labour, the work of the proletarians has lost all individual character, and consequently, all charm for the workman, he becomes and appendage of the machine, and it is only the most simple, most monotonous, and most easily acquired knack, that is required of him? (479). Work in factories was unlike work that was rendered in the small workshops and in their homes. People had taken pride in their work and in return received a feeling of self-worth. History Reports

Free Essays on Susan Glaspells Use Of Symbols In “Trifles“

In one of Susan Glaspell’s first plays â€Å"Trifles† (1916), her use of symbols serves to build characters and add emphasis to her main points. In â€Å"Trifles† the main symbols are used to illustrate the status of women in the early twentieth-century rural society. The play tells the story of two women coming to the house of a neighbour, Minnie Wright, who has been accused in the strangulation murder of her husband. They’ve come to collect some of Minnie’s things while the men, the sheriff, county attorney, and a witness, search for clues and answers. Minnie Wright is never seen in the play, but the audience can learn a lot about her character in Glaspell’s representation by use of symbols such as the house, Minnie’s quilt and the way she quilted it, the bird, and the sardonic title of the play. â€Å"I stayed away because it weren’t cheerful - and that’s why I ought to have come. I - I’ve never liked this place. Maybe it’s because it’s down in a hollow and you don’t see the road. I dunno what it is, but it’s a lonesome place and always was† (Glaspell, 983). This is a description of the Wright’s house given by Mrs. Hale, a neighbour who Minnie in her happier days before marrying John Wright, as Miss Foster. Minnie’s life was very much like the life of the house, dreary, secluded, and lonesome. The house was down in the hollow where nobody could see, just like Minnie Wright was cooped up in the house where nobody would see her. John Wright did not give Minnie any money to buy nice clothes, so she was embarrassed to be out where all the other ladies were socializing. Minnie could not go out and buy things for herself; she could not spend the day in town if she wanted to. As a farm wife in the early twentiet h century, Minnie had to stay home and be a housewife to the full extent of its meaning. John was out working all day and Minnie was stuck in the house to work and try to pass the time. Their house had ï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Susan Glaspell's Use Of Symbols In â€Å"Triflesâ€Å" Free Essays on Susan Glaspell's Use Of Symbols In â€Å"Triflesâ€Å" In one of Susan Glaspell’s first plays â€Å"Trifles† (1916), her use of symbols serves to build characters and add emphasis to her main points. In â€Å"Trifles† the main symbols are used to illustrate the status of women in the early twentieth-century rural society. The play tells the story of two women coming to the house of a neighbour, Minnie Wright, who has been accused in the strangulation murder of her husband. They’ve come to collect some of Minnie’s things while the men, the sheriff, county attorney, and a witness, search for clues and answers. Minnie Wright is never seen in the play, but the audience can learn a lot about her character in Glaspell’s representation by use of symbols such as the house, Minnie’s quilt and the way she quilted it, the bird, and the sardonic title of the play. â€Å"I stayed away because it weren’t cheerful - and that’s why I ought to have come. I - I’ve never liked this place. Maybe it’s because it’s down in a hollow and you don’t see the road. I dunno what it is, but it’s a lonesome place and always was† (Glaspell, 983). This is a description of the Wright’s house given by Mrs. Hale, a neighbour who Minnie in her happier days before marrying John Wright, as Miss Foster. Minnie’s life was very much like the life of the house, dreary, secluded, and lonesome. The house was down in the hollow where nobody could see, just like Minnie Wright was cooped up in the house where nobody would see her. John Wright did not give Minnie any money to buy nice clothes, so she was embarrassed to be out where all the other ladies were socializing. Minnie could not go out and buy things for herself; she could not spend the day in town if she wanted to. As a farm wife in the early twentiet h century, Minnie had to stay home and be a housewife to the full extent of its meaning. John was out working all day and Minnie was stuck in the house to work and try to pass the time. Their house had ï ¿ ½...

Public Cloud a Source of Danger to Businesses Essay

Public Cloud a Source of Danger to Businesses - Essay Example Actually, the cloud services are offered by a third party. So the secret data and information of an organization are stored on the servers of that third party. In this scenario, organizations believe that the public cloud is a source of danger to businesses. This paper discusses the arguments of other researchers to prove this claim. Introduction Cloud computing is a most modern information technology trend that a lot of business organizations are adopting due to its environmental aspects, money savings, mobility, scalability and energy effectiveness. Basically, the cloud computing allows organizations or individuals to access all their tools, applications and files from anyplace on the earth, as a result releasing them from the limitations of the desktop and allowing widespread group partnership (Modavi, 2010; Miller, 2009). It is now very common to use the public cloud for carrying out business tasks. A public cloud is basically a cloud computing model used by the service providers to offer their resources, similar to storage and applications to the wide-ranging public over the internet. The majority of public cloud services are free of charge or presented on a pay per usage based model. In this scenario, the fundamental advantages of making use of a public cloud service are simple and low-cost set-up for the reason that application, hardware and bandwidth costs are covered by the service provider. In addition, the public cloud offers the scalability to meet users’ requirements. In fact, public cloud does not waste resources because we pay for what we use. Moreover, the idea of public cloud appeared to make a distinction between the standard model and private cloud that is a proprietary communication data center or network that makes use of cloud computing systems, like that Virtualization. In this scenario, a private cloud is managed and organized by the business it serves. On the other hand, a 3rd model known as the hybrid cloud, is managed by both i nternal and external providers (TechTarget, 2009; Tchifilionova, 2011; Rittinghouse & Ransome, 2009). This paper discusses the possible impacts of the public cloud on the businesses and how a public cloud can be a source of danger to businesses. This paper will discuss different aspects of the public cloud and possible security issues associated with public cloud. Public Cloud: An Overview Public clouds are managed and controlled by a 3rd party organization, as well as the implementations from different clients are possibly combined together with the cloud servers, storage devices and networks. In view of the fact that the public clouds are not managed and controlled by a host organization itself thus they could be wonderful technique to decrease client risks, burden, responsibilities and cost by means of an efficient however conditional development of business structure. On the other hand, if a cloud service provider manages a cloud keeping security, performance and data storage lo cations in mind, the maintenance of additional applications executing in the cloud can be easy to follow for both cloud architects and cloud users. Undoubtedly, public cloud services present a potential to upgrade and move down according to certain conditions, and transfer varying infrastructure risks and dangers from the corporate to the cloud source, if even just temporarily (Sun

Transition to democracy in the Developing World Assignment

Transition to democracy in the Developing World - Assignment Example Cases of abuse of office, indepth corruption and weak systems that scuttle efforts of accountability are just some of the major challenges facing developing countries. Different groups of scholars have fronted views on how most of the countries in the developing world can transition to democracy. Among the areas which have been identified to be needing urgent redress to foster democracy include; history of that particular country, role of civil society and State capacity (Kaufman and Haggard 42-44). However, the wave of democratization also referred to by some scholars as the third wave of democratization brought out the fact that democracy is not only inclined to economic level of development. Considerable debates are currently unfolding on how and whether, institutional conditions, social, economic and structural factors impact on democratization prospects and also on how democratic political systems in these countries can be sustained. Democratization sequencing has fronted the idea of establishment of well functioning States and the rule of law as major prerequisites in democratization (Kaufman and Haggard 58). Taking Kenya as an example of one of the developing countries in Africa, we begin by analyzing the commitment to rule of law and the aspect of a well functioning State. In 2007 after general election, Kenya was in turmoil following a disputed presidential election. The opposition alleged that the incumbent had denied conceding defeat. This occurrence led to bloody skirmishes for nearly two months leading to lose of lives and displacement of populations. The electoral commission was blamed for allegedly announcing the results of a flouted election. In response to the preceding events, a deal was brokered between the incumbent and his closest rival in the just concluded disputed polls leading to the formation of a grand coalition government. First in

Challenge is Managing the People Who Manage Knowledge Essay

Challenge is Managing the People Who Manage Knowledge - Essay Example The management should present the knowledge worker with an opportunity to collect, verify, validate and apply knowledge learned from his experiences and from the corporate records, and be able to share it with other workers. Such knowledge, when effectively disseminated in the organization, adds value to the organization or can aid in problem solving. According to McFarlane, despite the knowledge and experience a knowledge worker has, he or she needs exposure to tasks that will encourage personal growth. The management should realize that this is a need to the knowledge worker and has to be satisfied. Tasks assigned to these workers should present an opportunity for them to apply their criticality, skills, and experience. The tasks must pose a challenge to them, so that they can grow. Giving knowledge workers easy tasks will be under utilizing them and they will look for more challenging opportunities elsewhere. According to Serrat, an organization should define task objectives clear ly. In addition, the management should ensure that each worker understands the performance standards. An organization seeking to manage the knowledge workers effectively should formulate critical mission vision statements. Mission vision statements of an organization determine the mission vision statement of an individual in an organization, as well as the values an individual will display. If the mission of an organization presents great responsibility, the knowledge worker will be pushed to give his or her best and share knowledge with other workers in an effort to achieve the set goals of the organization. Setting challenging goals will push the workers to be more creative and critical and this will bring new ideas into the organization. The vision of an organization gives the knowledge worker a clear picture of the direction in which the organization should be moving. When the knowledge worker has a sense of direction, he performs better. According to Serrat, knowledge workers n eed knowledge managers. This is critical for any organization, because it requires a change in the type of managers hired. Organizations should no longer look at the ability to exercise power in a manager, but rather an ability to lead a team. A manager should have skills that enable him handles issues in his or her team effectively. A knowledge manager should be able to appreciate the talent of the team, mentor, and efficiently give feedback to the team. Knowledge workers need good working relationships with their managers. It is critical for the organization to ensure that managers provide a good working environment to the workers. Organizations should therefore do away with the traditional boss who spends time in supervision and giving orders. A knowledge manager should focus on organizational learning to ensure exemplary performance of the organization. The knowledge workers deserve space and time for them to work on their own. Constant supervision limits creativity and creativi ty. This does not mean that the management should allow them to do things their own way, but poses a challenge for the smart manager to realize when to supervise, or when to give them their space. It is not easy for an organization to quantify the amount of work done by knowledge workers, as it is n form of knowledge

Operational Readiness And Airport Transfer Programme

Operational Readiness And Airport Transfer Programme Different types of operational problems are witnessed when commissioning new facilities, especially during the first day of operations, potentially resulting in poor performance and disruptions reflecting negatively on the organization. Many organizations require carrying out a readiness assessment of the new systems and facilities An operation readiness strategy will allow airport operators to dot right and most important to do it right the first time prior to the commissioning. It is critical that on the opening day of an airport, the airport personnel is fully trained to effectively implement correct airport procedures and for all equipment to be in good working condition. The scope of work includes the safe and effective handling of passengers, efficient transfer of baggage, effective handling of the new facilities and equipment and an effective emergency plan. The New Airport Terminal King Abdul Aziz International Airport (KAIA) is one of four international gateways in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is also one of the busiest airports during Hajj and Ramadan seasons. Due to the growth in passenger numbers, the development and construction of a new terminal is essential to meet with the daily demands, and this is what GACA (General Authority of Civil Aviation) intends to do. In fact, construction work of the new terminal has already been started. And the number of necessary handovers will require a clear and reliable guidance on what aspects are to be taken into account when dealing with the handover of facilities / buildings and systems. Our project aims to ensure a seamless transfer from construction to operation, avoid any serious difficulties during the end of the construction phase and contribute to the timely completion of the overall project. The development of a clear handover process will contribute to the operational readiness and prepare a more dependable warranty process. Operational Readiness and Transfer Program The complexity of an airport operational readiness project depends predominately on the systems and equipment employed and the time available for preparedness; rather than its physical dimensions. ORAT (Operational Readiness and Airport Transfer) is the key of success to achieve the operational goals. Purpose of ORAT Coordinate and assist stakeholders including external consultants, in the implementation of a defined operational readiness program for new infrastructure or services covering Operations and Maintenance from design phase through to operational implementation within a given timeframe. Conduct design review for new infrastructure to assess its suitability to meet operations and maintenance related objectives as well as international and national standards and regulations, and additionally prior to construction, identify and assist in the resolution of any design issues which may have a negative impact upon Facilities Maintenance processes. Ensure operational readiness planning is conducted in a timely manner through the establishment of O M stakeholder groups to, identify interdependencies and resolve operational issues as well as implement operational readiness time scheduling to facilitate accurate management reporting. Facilitate communication processes between departments and subsidiaries to ensure that the implementation of the requirements, including certification of all Regulatory Authorities and other government agencies is coordinated and well integrated within operational processes. Oversee and/or assist with the development of O M related standard operational procedures as well as operational contingency procedures for new infrastructure and services, ensuring correct operational integration. Oversee the implementation of maintenance training for new infrastructure and services to ensure that all new users can meet the required service levels to ensure the safe, effective, efficient and coordinated operation of the airport by operational due date. Ensure new infrastructure maintenance practices are operationally validated where practical, through testing of all operational interfaces between facilities, systems, procedures and human resources within a given timeframe. Ensure that operational validation testing includes all relevant stakeholders both internal and external. Review and/or assist in the development and implementation of contingency plans to manage any identified operational risk prior to the introduction of new client infrastructure or services. Oversee and/or assist in the development of Transition Planning to ensure a smooth transition is effected of new maintenance related infrastructure or services. Goals of ORAT Program Involvement and commitment of all airport users Resolution of operational interface issues Successful trial operations and relocation Timely inauguration Efficient operation from Day One Higher quality and service level standard Specification and Scope of Project The objectives of ORAT include having a coordinated approach to prepare all airport stakeholders including the airport operators, airlines, ground handlers, cargo agents and various government agencies, such as Customs, Immigration and the Central Industrial Security Force for the shift of operations to the new airport. Besides, it also has to ensure that there is streamlining of procedures, each and every person involved with the airport knowing their roles and responsibilities. The development of a clear written guideline of the overall handover process with all involved parties and their respective tasks is the objective of this project. After knowing the airport system and its flow of work First, all parties working in the airport and their roles should be defined. This step involves airport, contractors and government staff to ensure and specify the job description with no overlapped responsibilities. Second, these responsibilities are written in a clear guideline. Here, the guideline can be modified many times to reach the optimum goal of the work process. Changes are due to many reasons such as, enhancing the performance, changes in laws, modifications in some areas. Finally, application of the guidelines to ensure everybody is playing his role and getting feed backs for enhancement As building maintenance engineer, building maintenance is the concern of this project to set an example and expanded later to other divisions. Fraport in Brief METHODOLOGY 2.1 CONCEPTS An operation readiness strategy will allow airport operators to dot right and most important to do it right the first time prior to the commissioning. It is critical that on the opening day of an airport, the airport personnel are fully trained to effectively implement, correct airport procedures and for all equipment to be in good working condition. The scope of work includes effective handling of the new facilities and equipment and an effective emergency plan. To achieve ORAT goals, there are prerequisites to implement it which are: Facility: Hardware such as construction, equip. Information: procedures manuals Systems: AIMS, BHS, FIDS, NAVAID Security System Human resource: organization, qualified persons. Figure : Operational Readiness prerequisites Which is sometimes referred to as FISH, and a function checking components can be listed for each prerequisite as: FACILITIES Follow up of provision of facilities in respect of time, quality and quantity. State necessary operational conditions for rooms/equipment Alignment of requirement with available facilities Develop space requirements Approval of space requirements Develop equipment requirements Approval of equipment requirements Commissioning of the Operational availability of facilities INFORMATION State who has to provide which information in whatever form. Develop a processing procedure for these informations State necessary operational conditions for exchange treatment processing and transfer of information State intra-departmental responsibilities Approval of informational treatment and responsibilities. State what will be reported to whom, in what ever form SYSTEMS Creation of a dedicated IT-application for processing data. Assessment of necessary systems. Approval of these systems requirement. Procurement and/or adaptation system if not provided or not capable Implementation of system and application. Testing of connectivity of system and application. Commissioning of system and application. HUMAN RESOURCES Assessment of manpower requirements (qualification / quantity) Approval of manpower requirement by delegate Initializing of recruitment procedure by HR-department Selection of applicable personnel Hiring of selected personnel Training of hired personnel. An airports function can be divided into the Core Processes listed below, which are necessary for the operation of a major international airport. Development of Procedure As mentioned before, the project will concentrate on the maintenance and engineering department, point of view, to give a clear job description for all employees and their respective tasks. Fraport team had already cut a long path in this procedure. Learning the techniques and ways of how Fraport develops such a system is the purpose of The Young Professional Program. Procedures are till know being changed in Fraport, and are updated due to the daily requirements. Our goal is to catch-up with changes, discover the solutions with Fraport and implement them in KAIA. Fraport ´s organization differs than KAIA, in this case, it is our responsibility to search and soothe the project to be implemented in KAIA. Working with Fraport team for three months is a great opportunity. Even though the time was short, but the knowledge was intensive. Procedure Manuals Manuals have been collected with the coordination of Fraport operation team. Here I would like to notice that the Terminal team is responsible of the operation of the terminal as well as the maintenance of the terminal. Work tasks for every employee can be found here in the manuals. Looking at the manuals, and knowing how the work should be done, a system workflow can be developed. Then, a written form of these work tasks and responsibilities can be shown for every employee. The written form also describes what and how to do to accomplish the job. Results are stored in special system and which then connected to PCs to show progress and improvements if necessary. Identifying Stakeholders Achieving and maintaining the operational readiness stage of airports depends on the readiness of the entire airport community. The objectives of ORAT include having a coordinated approach to prepare all airport stakeholders including the airport operators, airlines, ground handlers, cargo agents and various government agencies, such as Customs, Immigration and the Central Industrial Security Force for the shift of operations to the new airport. Besides, it also has to ensure that there is streamlining of procedures, each and every person involved with the airport knowing their roles and responsibilities. Operation Maintenance Role The operation and maintenance role falls in to the service of their customers. Terminals operation and maintenance team, specially, are unique because they face and deal with the main costumer of the airport.

Ralph Ellisons novel, Invisible Man. Essay -- English Literature

Ralph Ellison's novel, Invisible Man. The unnamed, main character and narrator of Ralph Ellison's novel, Invisible Man, goes through the story being thrown from one ideology to another in search for a sense of individual truth. The narrator finds that following an ideology does not help him find individualism whatsoever but only confines what he can be. The narrator's grandfather gave him his first and most prominent ideology in which he were to follow. "Son, after I'm gone I want you to keep up the good fight. I never told you, but our life is a war and I have been a traitor all my born days, a spy in the enemy's country ever since I give up my gun back in reconstruction. Live with your head in the lion's mouth. I want you to overcome 'em to death with yeses, undermine 'em with grins, and agree 'em to death and destruction, let 'em swoller you till they vomit or bust wide open." In his last testaments, the narrator's grandfather is trying to give a guide to overcoming the white man oppression by pretending to enjoy attending to the white man's desires. Race st...