Code Of Conduct Essays - Jani, Idomeni, , Term Papers

Set of accepted rules Set of accepted rules is Kristine Smith's presentation novel. Blending experience and governmental issues, Smith recounts to the tale of Jani Killian, a previous officer who has lived in disguise for almost a long time since shooting her boss when he attempted to implement an unlawful request. While many trust Jani was murdered in a blazing crash not long after that occurrence, segments of the Commonwealth's legislature accepts she may at present be alive. The outsider idomeni, in whose culture Jani was a pro, likewise accept she may even now be dynamic. As the novel opens, the Republic Interior Minister, Evan van Richter, a previous darling and friend in arms, figures out how to discover Jani and offer her assurance on the off chance that she'll support him find reality behind his significant other's ongoing passing. Doubtful from the start, Jani consents to leave her asylum on the world Whalen and travel to the capital of the Federation, Chicago, where she gets associated with the perplexing legislative issues inside the legislature just as with the idomeni diplomat, Jani's previous tutor among the outsiders. The legislative issues encompassing Lyssa van Richter's passing are Byzantine, made all the more so when Jani's examination starts to demonstrate that the crash which nearly slaughtered her about two decades sooner may have been connected to the demise she's as of now looking at. While doing her exploration, Jani must cautiously watch her character, particularly when she is seized by an adversary serve who is determined to decimating van Richter and catching the Jani Killian who conceivably kicked the bucket in the accident. Set of principles is obviously a first novel and shows the potential Smith needs to turn into a significant creator. The plot is unpredictable, however Smith figures out how to keep the different strings precise. Generally great of all are the thoughts which are addressed yet not completely investigated, leaving Smith a lot of material for future works.

Online Education Essay

Training is a significant piece of people’s lives; it will either make them or break them later on relying upon the vocations they pick. Instruction is significantly different today in contrast with the 1950s as a result of progressions in educating and other incredible innovations that give simpler strategies of educating. One significant issue that has been raised is far off learning courses and online instruction. Inaccessible taking in could be any organization from VHS recordings, DVDs, or web courses on the web. Online training has been legitimate since 1993 and is another method of showing understudies everything being equal. Online training has been picking up prominence during the time due to the simplicity of the web. The web has made it simpler for individuals to remain associated and has furnished individuals with boundless assets on the World Wide Web. Numerous teachers have blended sentiments about web based instructing in light of the fact that there are such huge numbers of upsides and downsides to the issue. Mary Kassop, writer of â€Å"Ten Ways Online Education Matches, or Surpasses, Face-to-Face Learning,† composes, â€Å"Can understudies learn so a lot and also online as they do in F2F courses? Not exclusively is the response to these inquiries a resonating ? indeed, ‘ yet there are numerous ways that online courses may really outperform conventional F2F classes in quality and rigor†(357). Kassop is a professional supporter of online training and she is right on the issue since it can give decent instruction to numerous individuals. Online courses give a decent encouraging condition where the individual is on their own everything in the solace of their room. The comfort of online courses give occupied people an opportunity to get the equivalent measure of training as an understudy going to class and all that is expected to begin is a PC with web get to. One PC can clear a path for an entirely different universe of learning and energy. To invigorate the experience there are numerous classes offered online by city and college schools. Long Beach City College has a couple to offer, for example, Psychology and Sociology which are equivalent to or stunningly better then eye to eye classes. One case of a class that is preferable online rather over up close and personal is Sociology since they let the understudies watch human correspondence at open spaces without the educator being there. The work that is done in the classes is likewise anticipated from somebody who pursues an online class. The online class materials are simply equivalent to the ordinary classes, however the books utilized can be requested from book shops on the web. Conversation on issues is done in visit rooms and discussions where everyone composes their perspectives on the issue. This is a bit of leeway for outsiders who can not talk legitimate English accurately. Live video and sound should likewise be possible with uncommon gear for a continuous discussion with teachers and friends. Different highlights on the online courses are the learning helpers that can be utilized while taking the course. Certain projects can be made, for example, streak cards and games which can build the learning experience of the understudy. These learning associates should be possible on the student’s time and doesn't require the educator to be there. Time for an up close and personal class is troublesome if an individual works 40 hours every week except an online course can put a simplicity on the time limitation in light of the fact that the individual accomplishes the work at their own pace and time. It is additionally simpler to pursue an online class than a class at a school. Message loads up are being used if the understudies need to leave an inquiry or a remark about the subject their on. They additionally spare time by not making a trip to the school and attempting to discover a parking spot. Country zones where understudies need to head out a huge span to get the chance to class can set aside time and cash by doing on the web classes. For instance, an offspring of a rancher can enable the family to out in the first part of the day with the cultivating tasks at that point go to an online class later on. Rustic children may likewise take extra instructive classes online that their school doesn't give. Youngsters in the film business may likewise take online courses to stay aware of their examinations while out and about recording motion pictures. Hillary Duff takes online course while she films. As the cost of instruction keeps on rising, the pace of understudies applying for online instructive classes will keep on getting more noteworthy. The cost for a unit at Long Beach City College is $26 and the cost per unit will keep on ascending as long as there is a shortage in California’s financial plan. Online courses give a less expensive option in contrast to schools that have an issue with their spending plan and genuine study hall space. Instructors can likewise record themselves and the understudy can download the film in the event that they miss the meeting. This allows an understudy to get up to speed with a class meeting on the off chance that he passed up that day. In 2002, 12 of the 55 National Geographic Bees were homeschoolers implying that courses than at home can give an extraordinary instructing condition. Understudies don't need to endure awful impacts from ordinary tutoring and help manufacture their own personality without social weights that conventional tutoring may have. A few understudies may likewise procure their secondary school degree quicker then their companions. While the masters are expressed a few cons are likewise associated with online classes, for example, the there is no genuine individual to individual cooperation with a teacher. No eye to eye correspondence implies there is no close to home consideration from a teacher. Some may likewise feel the accreditation from an online school isn't equivalent to a genuine college homeroom. Understudies don't get the opportunity to feel the genuine circumstances of a conventional homeroom or college making them be confined or hostile to social. There is no help from an educator like a genuine class and everything is normally done by the understudy. Everything relies upon their capacity to comprehend the material and be prepared for research projects and test. Some information on PCs is vital if the understudy needs to have the option to remain in the class as being PC unskilled is a major issue deciding whether the individual will pass or come up short in light of the fact that the vast majority of the work is done on the web. Some low-pay understudies may be influenced by the PC issue since work areas and workstations are costly and many will be unable to manage the cost of such extravagances. Another issue is if an individual in every case needs an additional push or update that an up coming report or test is coming in light of the fact that there is no educator there to give the push and it is all up to the understudy remind themselves. Notwithstanding, the cons expressed above can likewise work to enable the understudy to turn out to be progressively responsive. The individual to individual communication isn't generally required in light of the fact that when they graduate a few people will become office laborers and they as a rule work in a cubical giving a similar environment that the online class gives. Likewise by the understudies doing everything without anyone else in an online class they become progressively autonomous, instructing them that there isn't constantly an individual there to manage them in an issue, much the same as throughout everyday life. With respect to the issue of the PC cost that a few understudies can not bear the cost of they can utilize open assets to get to the web, for example, the library, etc. There are likewise credits, awards, and different types of monetary assist they with canning get the opportunity to give them the instruments they have to begin in an onlineâ class and with the PC preparing they should learn in an online class it can give an advantage in the serious activity showcase. Online training could be the apparatus of things to come to furnish the youthful and the old with tutoring and guidance. It gives a less expensive method of educating while as yet giving the understudy the material important for the class. Understudies learn obligation through online training and will give them motivation to buckle down during the class. All things considered online classes will help furnish numerous understudies with the training they require.

Poetry Elements Come to Life - Literature Essay Samples

In Thomas Gray’s poem, â€Å"Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat, Drowned in a Tub of Gold Fishes,† he shares a story about a cat named Selima while also teaching a lesson to readers. Even though the poem is amusing, it is written and arranged cleverly. Gray integrates humor, imagery, and advice into a story to form a poem that will never be forgotten. Both the poem itself, and the message conveyed in it are relatable. Thomas Gray’s style and use of imagery, diction, and structure in his attractive poem help to warn his readers of seeking opulence and superiority. The style and message of Thomas Gray’s poem allow me to easily connect to it. First, he portrays an amusing scene of a cat with great detail that is fun to read. There is an iambic rhythm throughout the poem as well as a rhyme pattern. At first glance his writing may seem too immature or playful, but beneath the surface Thomas Gray is skillfully arranging words and structure. I connect with his style because I am very goofy myself and like fun poetry with a deeper meaning. As for giving advice to readers, I will always remember this poem and Thomas Gray’s warning. He absorbs the readers and grabs their attention when describing the story of the cat, much like a children’s fable. Gray allows the readers, including myself, to place themselves in the cats’ shoes. He builds up the anticipation and tempts the readers throughout the poem until we fall into the poem’s trap of a warning, realizing our mistake too late. Thomas Gray integrates imagery of different senses to draw readers into the poem so that they can relate to Selima the cat. For visual imagery, he begins by giving readers a visual perspective of a cat. He describes the vase’s side in detail, â€Å"where China’s gayest art had dyed† (line 2), because at the cat’s level of vision the side of the vase is â€Å"lofty† (line 1). Rather than acting as a bystander of the scene, Gray forces the readers to share in the cat’s experience. Similarly, Gray uses tactile imagery to further connect readers to the cat. In the beginning, readers physically feel the happiness of the cat when Selima’s â€Å"conscious tail her joy declared† (line 7). Likewise, readers feel themselves slip and fall into the tub when the â€Å"slippery verge her feet beguiled† (line 29), and then they tumble â€Å"headlong in† (line 30). Although the poem is not written from a personal point of view, Gr ay effectively places readers in the scene so that they will learn from Selima’s mistake. Thomas Gray uses diction throughout the entire poem to effectively deliver his advice to avoid temptations of opulence and superiority. The words he uses to describe the physical appearance of the cat have connotations of nobility and luxury. For example, her paws are â€Å"velvet† (line 9), her ears are â€Å"jet† (line 11), and her eyes are â€Å"emerald† (line 11). Thus, Gray warns readers of cats or people who ornately decorate themselves. In addition, the cat has a desire to be superior and noble. She is initially attracted to the â€Å"lofty† vase (line 1) with its â€Å"azure flowers† (line 3). Azure is defined as the color of the sky as well as a heraldic blue. Furthermore, Selima seeks the goldfish who have â€Å"scaly armour’s Tyrian hue through richest purple† (line 17) and â€Å"betrayed a golden gleam† (18). Grays choice of â€Å"betrayed† foreshadows the end of the poem and Selima’s fall. Thus, Gray s uggests that a vain desire to appear superior and noble can be even more dangerous than a craving for ornate objects. The structure of the poem enhances the deceit of goldfish in addition to the falsity of superiority and luxury. Overall, the poem has an upbeat rhythm and fun rhyming patterns that attract readers to the poem, yet Gray also masks its true motives. Although the poem seems happy and playful at first, its main purposes are to tell a story of a cat’s tragic death and to give advice to readers. In this way, the poem’s structure is deceptive just as the goldfish are. Gray also cleverly arranges structure within the poem to draw readers into the scene. For example, the first stanza is iambic until the last line when Selima â€Å"gazed on the lake below† (line 6). The water also grabs the attention of readers because the beat falls on â€Å"gazed† and does not follow the iambic rhythm. The word and sound of â€Å"gazed† is stretched out, and readers are compelled to look at the poem like Selima looks at the water. Moreover, in the fifth stanza structure ref lects events occurring in the scene of the poem. There is a pause and a visual space after â€Å"the gulf between† (line 27) like there is a gulf between Selima’s face and the water. In addition, â€Å"between† (line 27) and â€Å"in† (line 30) are unique slight rhymes. The poem’s structure slips and is disrupted just as Selima’s loses control. Thomas Gray in â€Å"Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat† combines many different aspects of poetry to present an easily relatable poem for me and for other readers. The key to the poem’s attractiveness is its ability to draw in the readers. He does this by telling a compelling story that is easy to read and follow. Nevertheless, he also grabs the readers’ attention on a deeper level using creative imagery, diction, and structure. He relates to the undeceived reader when he asks rhetorical questions in the fourth stanza, â€Å"What female heart can gold despise?† (line 23) and â€Å"What cat’s averse to fish?† (line 24). The readers and cat fall for these questions, and he tricks his audience by calling them a â€Å"presumptuous maid!† (line 25) in the next stanza. As a reader, I am not simply reading a story of a cat’s tragedy, but am also experiencing her same temptations and feelings during the poem. Thomas Gray has deceived my desire to be absorbed by a poem, however, and I will be with caution bold when I read more poetry and try to relate to it.

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia - 1876 Words

â€Å"Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder marked by severely impaired thinking, emotions, and behaviors† (Gulli, 2002). In 1908, a Swiss doctor named Eugen Bleuler first viewed and described the individualities of Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia comes from a pair of Greek words meaning â€Å"split mind†. If a person with Schizophrenia is left untreated they will begin to become a total recluse and will not be able to fulfill certain needs, such as personal hygiene (Gulli, 2002). According to the powerpoint used in class, schizophrenia has a prevalence rate of anywhere from 0.3%-0.7%. In order to diagnose Schizophrenia, a person must have two or more of the following symptoms for at least one month and the symptoms must be present for a substantial†¦show more content†¦While she has been put on medication to help control these hallucinations she still gets them regularly throughout the day. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, the symptoms of schizophrenia can be divided into three separate categories including, positive, negative, and cognitive. Positive symptoms are not usually seen in healthy people and consist of psychotic behaviors. People with positive symptoms can suffer from hallucinations, delusions, dysfunctional ways of thinking, and or movement disorders. Some people with these symptoms even appear to lose touch with what is really reality. Negative symptoms are connected with disturbances to normal emotions and behaviors. Some of the symptoms include what the National Institute of Mental Health calls, â€Å"flat affect†, meaning a decrease in the expressions of emotions which would normally be seen in facial expressions or in a person’s tone of voice. Other symptoms include, a decrease in what are considered feelings of pressure in the everyday life, complications with starting or maintaining activities, and even decreased speech. Cognitive symptoms can be subtle for some patients, but for others the symptoms could be very sever and even cause changes in certain features of thinking or memory. The ability to comprehend information and make decisions can be impaired (National Institute of Mental Health, 2002). The person might

In “Assessing The First Amendment As A Defense For Wikileaks

In â€Å"Assessing the First Amendment as a Defense for WikiLeaks and Other Publishers of Previously Undisclosed Government Information,† Janelle Allen explores whether WikiLeaks should be entitled to the same protections that traditional media outlets are given when they publish classified information. In her work, she goes over two possible avenues that the government can take if it wants to silence WikiLeaks; the two options are: prior restraint (censorship) and the Espionage Act. Allen, in order to bolster her argument that WikiLeaks should be entitled to the same protections given to traditional media outlets, goes over cases that fall under what is known as the Daily Mail Principle. This principle allows publications to publish material†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"A Helping Hand: Addressing New Implications of the Espionage Act on Freedom of the Press,† by Laura Barandes, details how Section 793 of the Espionage Act could potentially be used against member s of the press. She goes over the prosecution of two AIPAC employees who were relayed information by a Pentagon official to make her case that this section could potentially spill over to members of the press who report on/receive classified information. Also, in her work, an overview of the jurisprudence related to national security and the Espionage Act is provided. Richard D. Epstein’s paper, â€Å"Balancing National Security and Free Speech Rights: Why Congress Should Revise the Espionage Act,† goes over the arguments about why the Espionage Act should be revised. In his work, Epstein goes over the origins of the Act and the various Supreme Court cases related to its constitutionality. After giving an overview of what the court has said in the past about the Espionage Act, Epstein then focuses on a more contemporary case called, United States v Rosen. This case revolves around two lobbyists, Steven Rosen and Keith Weismann, who were charged with violating Section 793 of the Espionage Act for receiving classified information by a Pentagon official. The author then goes over the legal arguments employed by the pair in regards to Section 793. Some of the arguments they use is that the section is

Marketing & Management for Consumer Electronics - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Management for Consumer Electronics. Answer: Introduction Company Background Apple Inc., also known as Apple, is an American based multinational company that designs, manufactures and sells hardware, software and consumer electronics. Apple is famous throughout the world for its vast variety of flagship line-ups, such as iPhone, iPad, iPod, MacBook, Apple watch, etc. The company was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Woznaik and Ronald Wayne on April 1, 1976 and became the first American company to be valued over US$ 700 Billion as of February 2015. Apple has almost 498 retail stores throughout the world and had a workforce comprising of 116,000 employees during 2016 (Rawlinson, 2017). The company has been able to establish a strong reputation in the worldwide market and also amongst the gadget enthusiasts because of its high quality and unique products. Even though Apple products are priced higher than most of the competitive products, the brand still enjoys a large pool of loyal customers (Dougherty, 2010) Apple and marketing Apple is not just a leader in the industry when it comes to sales but is also a company that wants to capture the market itself. The products and services designed by Apple are paving the way for future devices, services and hardware. The company invests extensively in gathering customer information from different sources and also in its marketing activities so that it can experience a greater market reach and penetration. The company understands its customers and is able to implement effective market strategies that can appeal to them. Apple 5C Analysis 5C analysis is a strategic tool that helps in analysing the situation of a business or a company, in order to identify problems for the purpose of research. It also helps in understanding the internal and external environment of a firm. The five points covered in a situation analysis are Company, Customers, Competitors, Collaborators and Climate (SMstudy, 2016). A situation analysis of Apple is given below: Company Apple is the worldwide market leader when it comes to information technology products and services. The company has been able to distinguish itself from its competitors on the basis of quality, design and price as well. The reason that Apple products are considered to be a status symbol can also be attributed to the fact that the products are easily distinguishable and because of the high brand value that the customers attach to Apple. Customers The company enjoys a large pool of loyal customers throughout the world. Products designed and manufactured by Apple are famous throughout the world and the entire global population is a potential customer for Apple. The loyalty of the customers towards the company can be judged from the fact that they are willing to pay any amount for Apple products even if a competitive product with the exact same features are available at half the price. The huge product line up offered by the company keeps the customers engaged and the company experiences continuous sales throughout the year, which gradually rises during the festive seasons. Competitors In the past few years, the global market has been experiencing entry of a number of new brands, which are definitely posing a considerable threat to Apple. Companies like Samsung, Micromax, Lenovo, Lava, Vivo, etc. are coming up with innovative technology solutions and products that have a lot of potential and are also attracting the customers. In developing countries, where the demand for smartphones is relatively high, these companies are introducing competitive products at a price that is almost three times lesser than the price of flagship products being offered by Apple (Investopedia, 2017). As a result, the sales of Apple is suffering a great deal because of new market entrants and also because of its pricing strategy. Collaborators Apple is a company that enjoys high brand value in the global market and as a result, a lot of companies look to collaborate with Apple to gain market recognition and a greater customer base. Apple has been teaming up with a number of companies in the global market so that it can expand its business. Telecommunication companies like ATT, Vodafone, Verizon, Orange, etc. have been associated with Apple since a long time and have helped the company in increasing its sales and reaching out to a greater customer base. Furthermore, Apple has also collaborated with a number of other companies, such as Intel, TPK Holdings, Foxconn Technology Group, Samsung, etc. (CNBC, 2011) These companies are market leaders in their own industries and are providing a number of products and services to Apple. Climate As Apple operates in the global electronics industry, it is vulnerable to a number of internal and external environment factors, such as legal, environmental, social, political, technological, etc. Its global presence makes the company vulnerable to the rules and regulations set up by the governments of different countries, such as India and China, as it outsources most of its manufacturing processes from these countries. Further, the labour laws of these countries can also have an impact on Apple. Apple is also dependent on the global technology environment (|, 2015). Due to presence of a lot of competitors, there are new inventions taking place on a daily basis and Apple introduces its new product line-ups only once in a year. Thus, Apple has to design such products that can sustain in the market for an entire year and can compete with the competitive products in the longer run. How Apple collects market information Apple invests a lot of its resources in advertising and marketing research, which helps it in collecting information about its customers, rival products, competitors and much more. First of all, Apple conducts a monthly survey in which it tries to gain knowledge about the attributes that is driving the customers to buy Apple products. The survey reveals country-by-country data and is also conducted for each product separately. Using such surveys, the company is able to gain knowledge about the features the the customers use the most in Apple devices, demographic data about their customers and also about the level of customer satisfaction with Apple products (Heisler, 2012). Steve Jobs, one of the founder trio, in an interview, told the media that Apple has a greater focus on developing products instead of focusing on market research. He was of the view that the customer need to research the market for what they want and what is being offered and their duty was just to offer innovative products and services. Later on, the myth has been busted by a number of media sources (Spillers, 2012). It has also been discovered that Apple uses ethnographic research methods and tried to identify consumer behaviour when they visit Apple stores and interact with the staff (Flory, n.d.). Using ethnographic research methods, the company is able to identify customer behaviour, buying patterns, preferences, usage patterns, etc., which ultimately helps them in gaining information about the market and also about the customers. Developing a marketing strategy for Apple Apple is a company that has gained worldwide market success because of its effective strategies in all fields. The company makes heavy investments in advertising and marketing of its various products and is definitely a company that can be looked upon for marketing ideas. From product mix to pricing strategy and distribution channels, Apple has put in a lot of thought and has been outperforming its competitors on the basis of its ability to device powerful strategies (Yeung, 2017). Even though the company has been receiving success since a long time and is still an industry leader in the worldwide market, the entry of new companies into the market poses a great threat to its position. As a result, Apple should start implementing new marketing strategies that would allow it to retain its position in the market and outperform the competitors. Some marketing strategies or a new marketing mix, which can help Apple in retaining its market position and brand value are discussed below: Product Apple already has a huge product portfolio, which includes smartphones, tablets, personal computers, laptops, music players, smartwatches, accessories, etc. but all of them are costly products that are not easily affordable for the general public. On the other hand, the rivals of Apple are offering a diverse range of products in all price segments. As a result, they are able to achieve higher sales as compared to Apple. Apple should start introducing new models in all its product segments so that it can offer a greater portfolio of products to all types of customers and not just limit itself to those customers who have higher purchasing power. Place The success of Apple in the worldwide market can also be attributed to the fact that it had very effective distribution channels throughout the world. Of late, the company has been suffering because of the expansion of its distribution channels. The products manufactured by Apple are available on every retail counter as well as on online websites, which are posing a tough competition to each other in terms of prices (Rodrigo, 2012). The competition between the two is having an impact on the prices of Apple products as the online retailers offer heavy discounts just to compete with retail counters. Due to reduction in prices, Apple products are losing their credibility as well as brand value. Thus, Apple needs to rethink about its distribution channels and limit them to authorised Apple Retail Stores alone. Price From the very beginning, Apple has priced its products higher than the rival products as a strategy to create brand value and a better image in the market. Recently, the strategy has done more damage to the company than providing any actual competitive edge. The aggressive pricing strategy of the company has been criticised by the customers in the past few years as the prices of Apple products are way higher than the prices of rival products that are offering more features than any Apple features. The latest flagship smartphone introduced by Apple i.e. iPhone X has been priced at 89,000 INR whereas Galaxy Note 8, the rival flagship smartphone introduced by Samsung, is priced at 67,000 INR (Cipriani, 2017). Therefore, Apple urgently needs to reconsider its pricing strategy and introduce the smartphones at a competitive approach because a lot of Apples loyal customers have started switching to other devices because of irrational pricing strategies of the company. Furthermore, fr equent price drops is not helping Apple in retaining its brand image in the market. Promotion Apple is a company that has been able to promote its products in the best possible way even when they did not invest much into promotion and advertising. Apple has been able to establish effective relations with a lot of media partners and telecommunication partners, who are eager to spread the word about Apples new products and about their own association with a company like Apple. Thus, the strategy to promote its products through its collaborators if an effective and resource saving strategy and the company should continue to implement it in the future as well (Yeung, 2017). Conclusion Apple is one of the most successful business organizations in the world and has been setting examples for the new market entrants. The company has been able to achieve higher profits every year even when there were reductions in its operating costs. Further, the marketing and advertising strategies of the company has also helped it in establishing a strong brand image in the market but tough times call for tough decisions and the changing market trends are having an impact on the market position of the company. Therefore, the company needs to redesign its marketing mix and take necessary measures that would allow it to remain competitive and retain its position in the market. References Dougherty, M., 2010. The History of Apple, Inc.. [Online] Available at: https://www.brighthub.com/computing/mac-platform/articles/65346.aspx[Accessed 23 September 2017]. Rawlinson, N., 2017. History of Apple: The story of Steve Jobs and the company he founded. [Online] Available at: https://www.macworld.co.uk/feature/apple/history-of-apple-steve-jobs-mac-3606104/[Accessed 23 September 2017]. SMstudy, 2016. 5C Analysis. [Online] Available at: https://www.smstudy.com/article/5c-analysis[Accessed 23 September 2017]. CNBC, 2011. 10 Significant Apple Business Partners. [Online] Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/2011/08/25/10-Significant-Apple-Business-Partners.html?slide=12 [Accessed 23 September 2017]. Investopedia, 2017. Who are Apple's (AAPL) Main Competitors in the Tech Industry? (HPQ). [Online] Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/120314/who-are-apples-aapl-main-competitors.asp[Accessed 23 September 2017]. |, J. M., 2015. Analyzing Porter's Five Forces on Apple (AAPL). [Online] Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/111015/analyzing-porters-five-forces-apple.asp[Accessed 23 September 2017]. Heisler, Y., 2012. How Apple conducts Market Research and keeps iOS source code locked down. [Online] Available at: https://www.networkworld.com/article/2222892/wireless/how-apple-conducts-market-research-and-keeps-ios-source-code-locked-down.html[Accessed 24 September 2017]. Spillers, F., 2012. Busting the myth that Apple doesn't do User Research. [Online] Available at: https://www.experiencedynamics.com/blog/2014/09/busting-myth-apple-doesnt-do-user-research[Accessed 23 September 2017]. Flory, M. M., n.d. Does Apple Use Market Research?: Industry Strategists Weigh In. [Online]Available at: https://www.ama.org/publications/eNewsletters/MarketingInsightsNewsletter/Pages/apple_market_research.aspx[Accessed 23 September 2017]. Yeung, N., 2017. The marketing strategy of Apple: A concise analysis. [Online] Available at: https://www.versiondaily.com/the-marketing-strategy-of-apple-a-concise-analysis/[Accessed 24 September 2017]. Cipriani, J., 2017. Apple iPhone vs Samsung Galaxy models: Specs, prices, and features compared. [Online] Available at: https://www.zdnet.com/article/spec-showdown-apples-iphone-lineup-vs-samsungs-galaxy-lineup/[Accessed 23 September 2017]. Rodrigo, 2012. Marketing Analysis of Apple Inc. [Online] Available at: https://writepass.com/journal/2012/11/marketing-analysis-of-apple-inc/[Accessed 24 September 2017].

Spinal Cord Repair Essays - Glial Cells, Neurophysiology

Spinal Cord Repair Spinal Cord Repair Once a pipe dream, researchers now are uncovering ways to repair spinal cord injuries. Current methods reduce the nerve cell damage or death that occurs in the hours following injury and increase the efficiency of surviving nerve cells. New evidence suggests that future treatments also may assist the regeneration of lost connections. Prospects include transplanting new nerve cells and supporting cells, delivering proteins that stimulate regeneration by the cells already in the spinal cord, and strategies to reduce inhibition of regeneration. A gymnast cartwheels from one side of the balance beam to the other. As she flips, underneath the ripple of protective bones called vertebrae, nerve cells are passing brain messages through the spinal cord. The cells' chatter directs the coordinated movement of muscles that propel her body. If an accident, such as a fall off the beam, injures these cells, the communication line shuts down below the point of impact. Some 250,000 Americans have spinal cord injuries. The result can include paralysis, a loss of sensation or the ability to move. The spinal cord and brain, known as the central nervous system (CNS), is one main part of our nervous system. The other primary section is the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes the nerves that project to the limbs, heart, skin and other organs outside the brain. Both consist of nerve cells, or neurons, and supporting cells. Scientists have known for years that following an injury, many neurons in the PNS can repair themselves, but CNS neurons are incapable of rebuilding connections. In fact, certain cells in the CNS produce proteins that inhibit the appendages of neurons, known as axons, from regrowing. In the early 1980s, however, researchers demonstrated that the manipulation of the neuron's environment could promote cell regeneration in animals. This finding is prompting: New insight on the mechanisms that regulate repair. Approaches for repairing damaged cells. In the last five years, researchers have unveiled techniques that modestly improve function in animals. One example involves the transplantation of cells taken from embryos, which are known to ignore the central nervous system's regeneration opponents. Researchers discovered that these cells can integrate into the spinal cord's broken communication line. In addition, when they grafted the cells into rats and cats with bruised spinal cords, close to the time of injury, some animals showed partial improved locomotion. Other researchers are making use of non-embryonic mature tissues. In one recent study, rats with completely severed spinal cords apparently showed limited functional improvement with multiple peripheral nerve section implants. The cells in the grafts initially include supporting cells, and cut axons. These axons degenerate, however, leaving behind a natural tube for the CNS axons to regrow through. In the study, the CNS axons grew across the grafts and apparently made connections with the neurons that move the legs. To create a better environment for growth, the scientists aimed the grafts into the gray matter -- the butterfly-shaped tissue in the center of the spinal cord -- which bypassed the spinal cord's inhibitory proteins (see illustration). The grafts were secured with a glue that contained cell injury reducing proteins known as growth factors. These natural factors, themselves, are an intense area of interest. Scientists are perfecting techniques to administer the proteins including specialized implants and genetically-modified cells that produce the factors. One study showed that rat cells, engineered to secrete a growth factor and then transplanted into the animal, regenerated some of the neuronal projections needed for walking. Researchers now are testing whether the growth improves function. Scientists also are examining the benefits of transplanting PNS supporting cells dislodged from their neighboring cells. These cells, called Schwann cells, naturally secrete their own growth factors and have membrane proteins that aid neuron growth. Recently, scientists successfully transplanted purified human Schwann cells into the severed spinal cords of rats and reported that some of the animals had a small improvement in function. More analysis is needed, however, to determine if effective connections were established Psychology Essays